Drowning and Airway Intervention
Drowning- the process of experiencing respiratory impairment from submersion/immersion in a liquid
Deaths
Drowning death rates are increasing in children and young adults. It has been proven that 2.3 times as many young blacks die than young non-blacks. The major causes of drowning in children or young adults are as follows:
1-year-olds, bathtubs
1-4 years, pools
5-13 years, pools/natural water
14-17 years, natural water
Drowning is the leading cause of death in kids <5 and has its second peak in the ages 15-20.
Drowning is more than 90% more likely to occur in low and middle-income countries. The effects of drowning can either be death, morbidity, or non-morbidity.
Injuries
After drowning there is a 20% chance for you to develop neurological issues. Drowning can also cause pathophysiological states, loss of normal breathing patterns, non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema, low oxygen in brain tissue, cerebral hypoxia, and cardia hypoxia. You can also experience submersion injuries.
Some injuries that can contribute to drowning are:
hypothermia
seizures
sudden cardiac arrest
trama
Patient
A female was swimming in a country club and began to drown. She was under the water for 3 minutes until she was found. When pulled out she:
was unresponsive
had no pulse
not breathing
The lifeguard did not immediately start CPR, they hooked up the AED(Automated external defibrillator) and waited for it to tell them too. The patient was non-shockable. The EMS arrived and their downtime was 12 minutes.
The EMS report:
O2 at pickup was 10%, SpO2
Ongoing CPR
Continued arrest
PEA
Compression ongoing
Etco2 12
pulseless
T: 35.5
SpO2 65%
Then they would take over the EMS and create goals: Spo2 >95%
STEPS:
- Strip & Flip
- Stab & Lab
- Warm patient
- Stop seziures
The MD report:
2 rounds of compressions
EtcO2 12 -> 43
HR: 114
BP: 110/40
SpO2: 93%
T: 37.7
Nurolically in a coma
Sent the patient to the ICU and called RT, neurology, neurosurgeon, cardiology, & general surgery.
Myths
wet/dry drowning
near-drowning
salt water> freshwater for drowning
Kallie Ott is giving a fake ID needle into a "bone"
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